A moment problem associated to rational Szegö functions (Q688104)

Given a distribution \(\psi\) on the interval \([-\pi,\pi]\) and a set of basis functions \(\zeta_ n\) spanning the space \(S\), we define the moment associated with \(\zeta_ n\) and \(\psi\) as \(M(\zeta_ n,\psi)=\int^ \pi_{-\pi}\zeta_ n(e^{i\theta})d\psi(\theta)\). In the classical trigonometric moment problem one has to find a distribution \(\psi\), given the moments \(M(z^ n,\psi)\), \(n\in\mathbb{Z}\). These \(z^ n\) form a basis for the space of trigonometric polynomials. Note that these polynomials have only poles at zero and infinity. In this paper, the previous problem is generalized to the case where we consider the space \(R\) of rational functions having only a finite number of distinct poles \(a_ j\) and \(b_ j\), \(j=1,\ldots,p\). The \(a_ j\) are distinct finite complex numbers outside the closed unit disk and the \(b_ j\) are their reflections \(b_ j=1/\overline a_ j\). This space is spanned by the basis functions \(\zeta_ 0=1\), \(\zeta_ n^{(j)}(z)=(z- a_ j)^{-n}\) and \(\eta_ n^{(j)}(z)=(z-b_ j)^{-n}\) for \(j=1,\ldots,p\) and \(n=1,2,\ldots\) The moments for all these basis functions are given and the distribution \(\psi\) has to be found. It is shown that this generalized moment problem has a unique solution if the moments generate a positive definite inner product on the space of rational functions described above.