Renormings failing to have asymptotically isometric copies of \(\ell_1\) or \(c_0\) (Q690944)

Let \((X, \|\cdot \|)\) be a Banach space and let \(\mathcal{P}(X)\) be the set of norms on \(X\) that are equivalent to \(\|\cdot\|\). If \(\mathcal{P} (X)\) is endowed with the metric \(\rho(p,q) = \sup\{\,|p(x) - q(x)| : \| x\| \leq 1\}\), then \((\mathcal{P} (X),\rho)\) is a Baire space. In the article under review, the authors identify some residual subsets of \(\mathcal{P} (X)\) that are related to renormings of \(\ell_1\) or \(c_0\) appearing in metric fixed point theory. Recall that a Banach space \(X\) contains an asymptotically isometric copy of \(\ell_1\) if there exist a null sequence \((\varepsilon_n)\) in \((0,1)\) and a sequence \((x_n)\) in \(X\) such that \[ \sum_{n=1}^\infty (1-\varepsilon_n) |\alpha_n| \leq \left\| \sum_{n=1}^\infty \alpha_n x_n \right\| \leq \sum_{n=1}^\infty |\alpha_n| \] for all \((\alpha_n)\in \ell_1\). Banach spaces containing asymptotically isometric copies of \(\ell_1\) fail to have the fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings [\textit{P. N. Dowling} and \textit{C. J. Lennard}, Proc.\ Am.\ Math.\ Soc.\ 125, No.\ 2, 443--446 (1997; Zbl 0861.47032)], while there exist renormings of \(\ell_1\) that do not contain asymptotically isometric copies of \(\ell_1\) and have the fixed point property [\textit{P.-K. Lin}, Nonlinear Anal., Theory Methods Appl.\ 68, No.\ 8, A, 2303--2308 (2008; Zbl 1151.46006)]. In the article under review, the authors prove that every norm in \(\mathcal{P} (\ell_1)\) is the initial point of an open ray in \(\mathcal{P} (\ell_1)\) consisting of norms \(|\cdot|\) for which \((\ell_1, |\cdot|)\) fails to contain an asymptotically isometric copy of \(\ell_1\). Consequently, the set of equivalent norms on \(\ell_1\) for which \((\ell_1, |\cdot|)\) fails to contain an asymptotically isometric copy of \(\ell_1\) is dense in \(\mathcal{P}(\ell_1)\). Even stronger, the authors prove that, if \(X\) is a separable Banach space, the set of equivalent norms \(|\cdot|\) on \(X\) for which \((X,|\cdot|)\) fails to contain an asymptotically isometric copy of \(\ell_1\) is a residual set in \(\mathcal{P}(X)\). The authors obtain similar results in terms of equivalent norms on \(c_0\) or \(\ell_\infty\). For example, the authors prove that every norm in \(\mathcal{P}(c_0)\) is the initial point of an open ray in \(\mathcal{P}(c_0)\) consisting of norms \(|\cdot|\) for which \((c_0, |\cdot|)\) fails to contain an asymptotically isometric copy of \(c_0\); and, if \(X\) is a Banach space whose dual contains a countable set separating the points of \(X\), then the set of equivalent norms \(|\cdot|\) on \(X\) for which \((X,|\cdot|)\) does not contain an asymptotically isometric copy of \(c_0\) is residual in \(\mathcal{P}(X)\).