Complex structures on product manifolds (Q6935491)

This paper generalizes a result by \textit{E. Calabi} and \textit{B. Eckmann} [Ann. Math. (2) 58, 494--500 (1953; Zbl 0051.40304)], who showed that, although the manifold \(S^{2n+1}\times S^{2m+1}\) admits a complex structure coming from the natural \(\mathrm{U}(1)\)-action on \(\mathbb{C}^{n}\times\mathbb{C}^{m}\), it does not admit a Kähler structure for \(n\geq 1\). \N\NGiven two Kähler manifolds \(M_{i}\), \(i=1,2\), a compact Lie group \(G\) acting on \(M_{i}\) with moment map \(\mu_{i}\), and setting \(N_{i}:=\mu_{i}^{-1}(0)\), the authors define an almost-complex structure on \(N_{1}\times N_2\), and prove that it is integrable if and only if \(G\) is abelian. In the integrable case, the authors also find explicit holomorphic charts for \(N_1\times N_2\), by considering torus actions and showing that the natural projection \(\pi: N_1\times N_2 \to P_1\times P_2\) is a principal holomorphic bundle, where \(P_{i}:= N_i/G\) is the orbit space, with \(\pi_{i}:N_i\to P_i\) the natural projection. \N\NThe main results are stated in Section 1, and the proofs are given in Section 2. Finally, in Section 3, the authors consider applications of their results. In Section 3.1, they show that the product of two Stiefel manifolds carries a non-integrable almost-complex structure. In Section 3.2, it is shown that, if \(\mathcal{H}\) is a complex Hilbert space with unit sphere \(\mathcal{S}(\mathcal{H})\), then the product \(S^{2n+1}\times\mathcal{S}(\mathcal{H})\) (\(n\geq1\)) cannot be Kähler.