The symmetry of Hilbert transformation in \(\mathbb{R}^3\) (Q6954063)

An old result of \textit{E. M. Stein} [Singular integrals and differentiability properties of functions. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press (1970; Zbl 0207.13501)] states that if transformations \(T_j\), \(j=1,\ldots,n\), on \({\mathbb R}^n\) commute with translations and dilations and satisfy a suitable condition on rotations, they are the Riesz transforms, up to a constant multiple.\N\NThis paper proves a similar result for the quaternion-valued Hilbert transform on \({\mathbb R}^3\). If a transform commutes with translations, dilations and rotations, that is, with the action of the group \(r\,\mbox{Spin}(3)+{\mathbb R}^3\), it is a linear combination of the Hilbert transform and the identity.