Almost abelian numbers (Q6961948)

Suppose that \(\mathcal{P}\) is a class of groups. A positive integer \(n\) is called a \(\mathcal{P}\)-number if all groups of order \(n\) are in the class \(\mathcal{P}\). Similarly, \(n\) is called an almost \(\mathcal{P}\)-number if all but one group of order \(n\) are in the class \(\mathcal{P}\).\N\N\textit{J. Pakianathan} and \textit{K. Shankar} described \(\mathcal{P}\)-number when \(\mathcal{P}\) is the class of nilpotent, abelian, or cyclic groups [Am. Math. Mon. 107, No. 7, 631--634 (2000; Zbl 0986.20026)].\N\NThe main results of this paper are Theorems 2.1 and 2.5 devoted to the characterizations of almost abelian and almost nilpotent numbers, respectively. In particular, the authors prove that \(n\) is almost nilpotent if and only if \(n\) is almost abelian. They also note that if \(n\) is almost cyclic, \(n\) is either abelian or almost abelian.