Biharmonic submanifolds in spheres. (Q696283)

Harmonic maps \(\phi\) are critical points of the energy functional \(E(\phi ) = \int | d\phi | ^2\), and \(\phi\) is harmonic if and only if \(\tau ( \phi) = 0\), where \(\tau (\phi )\) is the tension field of \(\phi\). Biharmonic maps are critical ones of the bienergy functional \(\int | \tau( \phi )| ^2\). The authors study biharmonic maps into a manifold \(N\) of constant curvature, in particular an \(n\)-dimensional standard sphere. This paper consists of two parts: (1) non-existence results of non-harmonic biharmonic maps. (2) examples of non-harmonic biharmonic maps.