On the spectrum of the differential operators of odd order with \(\mathcal{PT} \)-symmetric coefficients (Q6962843)

Let \(L\) be the differential operator generated in the space \(L_{2}(-\infty,\infty)\) by the differential expression \N\[\N(-i)^{n}y^{(n)}(x)+\Sigma_{v=2}^{n}(-i)^{n-v}p_{v}(x) y^{(n-v)}(x),\N\]\Nwhere \(n\) is an odd integer greater than 1 and \(p_v\), for \(v=2,3,\dots,n\), are 1-periodic \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric functions satisfying \((p_v)^{(n-v)}\in L_2[0,1]\).\N\NThe paper under review deals with the localizations of the Bloch eigenvalues and the structure of the spectrum of the non-self-adjoint differential operator \(L\). The author finds the conditions on the norm of the coefficients under which the spectrum of \(L\) is purely real and coincides with the real line.