On a bivariate interpolation problem (Q696874)

Let \(\Pi_n\) denote the space of bivariate polynomials of total degree \(\leq m\). The authors solve several poisedness problems for Hermite interpolation from \(\Pi_m\). Parameters of the interpolation are the values of a function and its radial derivatives up to some order at equidistant nodes \(z_1,\dots, z_{2k+1}\) on the unit circle \(S^1\). Denoting by \(D_z P(z)\) the radial derivative of \(P\) at \(z\in S^1\), the crucial step in proving the corresponding results is the following factorization theorem: Let \(P\) be a bivariate polynomial of degree \(m\in\{k,\dots, 2k\}\). If \((D_{z_\nu})^j P(z_\nu)= 0\) for \(\nu= 1,\dots, 2k+1\) and \(j= 0,\dots, m-k\), then \[ P(x,y)= (x^2+ y^2- 1)^{m+ 1-k} Q(x,y), \] where \(Q\in \Pi_{2k-m-2}\) if \(m\leq 2k-2\) and \(Q\equiv 0\) if \(m= 2k\) or \(m= 2k-1\). The authors also consider cubature formulas associated with these interpolations.