A proper subclass of nonsingular rings (Q6971300)

The purpose of this paper is to generalise the notion of singular and non-singular rings. Recall that a ring is singular if the left and right annihilators of all elements are essential and non-singular if they are zero.\N\NThe authors generalise these concepts to rings \(R\) for which Nil\((R)\), the set of nilpotent elements, is an ideal. For any subset \(X\) of \(R\), the nilpotent annihilator of \(X\) in \(R,\ N_R(X)=\{a\in R\colon \text{ for all } x\in X,\ xa\in \text{Nil}(R)\}\); \(N_R(X)\) is an ideal of \(R\). An element \(r\in R\) is \(N\)-singular if \(N_R(r)\) is an essential ideal. Let \(Z_N (R)\) be the set of all \(N\)-singular elements of \(R\). Then \(R\) is an \(N\)-singular (\(N\)-nonsingular) ring if \(Z_N(R) = R\ ( Z_N(R) = 0)\).\N\NThey present examples of \(N\)-singular and \(N\)-nonsingular rings, describe basic properties of these rings, and study the inheritence of these properties by different types of matrix rings and polynomial rings. They show that for commutative rings, the concepts of \(N\)-nonsingular, nonsingular and reduced rings are the same.