Hopf-Galois structures on parallel extensions (Q6974640)

In the paper under review, the author introduced the following new definitions.\N\N\textbf{Definition.} Let \(L/K\) be a finite separable extension with Galois closure \(E/K\). A \textit{parallel extension} of \(L/K\) is a subextension \(L'/K\) of \(E/K\) such that \([L':K]=[L:K]\). Note that this is not a symmetric relation because \(L\) need not be contained in the Galois closure of \(L'\). \N\N\textbf{Definition.} A finite separable extension \(L/K\) is said to admit the \textit{parallel no-HGS} property if \(L/K\) admits a Hopf-Galois structure but has a parallel extension \(L'/K\) admitting no Hopf-Galois structure of any type. \N\NThis paper is mostly devoted to investigating the behaviors of Hopf-Galois structures on the parallel extensions of a separable extension of degree \(pq\), where \(p,q\) are distinct primes. By work of \textit{C. Greither} and \textit{B. Pareigis} [J. Algebra 106, 239--258 (1987; Zbl 0615.12026)] and \textit{N. P. Byott} [Commun. Algebra 24, No. 10, 3217--3228 (1996; Zbl 0878.12001)], the study of Hopf-Galois structures on a finite separable extension \(L/K\) reduces to that of transitive subgroups of the holomorph of groups of order \([L:K]\). In the case that \([L:K]=pq\), the relevant transitive subgroups were enumerated by the author in his previous work [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 228, Article ID 107653 (2024; Zbl 1536.12007)]. \N\NIn the current paper, he further considered how these Hopf-Galois structures compare on parallel extensions, and as a consequence, he proved that there is no separable extension of degree \(pq\) admitting the parallel no-HGS property (Theorem 3.9). He also conjectured that this holds more generally for separable extensions of squarefree degree (Conjecture 4.2). Nevertheless, the occurrence of the parallel no-HGS property appears to be quite rare based on computational evidence (Table 5).