Delayed Hopf bifurcations in reaction-diffusion systems in two space dimensions (Q6980758)

The authors consider reaction-diffusion systems on the plane, involving a small bifurcation parameter of scale \(O(\varepsilon)\). They investigate the delayed Hopf bifurcation, meaning that solutions near the pre-bifurcation attracting quasi-steady state approach the supercritical bifurcating periodic orbits only after a long delay of order \(O(1/\varepsilon)\). To analyze this phenomenon, they introduce the buffer surface and memory surface, which are time-graphs over space that quantify the delay duration before oscillations emerge. The leading-order behavior of these surfaces is captured through explicit asymptotic formulas derived for the linearized homogeneous and particular solutions as \(\varepsilon \to 0\). The authors successfully carry out this analysis for the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation and further demonstrate the applicability of their theory through numerical simulations of the Brusselator system. Overall, the paper clearly explains the phenomena, presents thorough analysis, and is well-written. The numerical results are convincing and effectively support the theoretical findings.