Asymptotics for Stieltjes polynomials, Padé-type approximants, and Gauss-Kronrod quadrature (Q698309)

For a given weight function \(\omega\) on the interval \([-1,1]\) and \(n\) a natural number, it is well-known that there exists a unique monic polynomial \(S_n\) of degree \(n\) orthogonal on \([-1,1]\) with respect to the sign changing function \(\omega_n(x)= \omega(x)p_n(x)\), \(\{p_n\}\) being the sequence of orthogonal polynomials with respect to \(\omega(x)\). The polynomial \(S_n\) is called the \(n\)-th Stieltjes polynomial for the weight \(\omega\) and was introduced by Stieltjes for the case \(\omega(x)=1\). The study of this class of polynomials has become an interesting topic of research mainly motivated by its connection with the so-called Gauss-Kronrod quadrature formulas. This fact has also caused research to focus on weight functions for which a quadrature process is meaningful. In this respect, the main aim and the worth of this paper is to describe general classes of weight functions (or measures not necessarily supported on \([-1,1])\) for which the corresponding Stieltjes polynomials have either \(n\)-th-root (weak), ratio or strong asymptotic behaviour. As a consequence and after conveniently approximating certain Markov functions by partial-Padé approximants, estimates of the rate of convergence are given for analytic functions on a neighbourhood of the set of integration.