Two weighted inequalities for convolution maximal operators (Q699471)

Let \(\varphi: \mathbb{R}\to [0,\infty)\) be an integrable function such that \(\varphi\chi_{(-\infty, 0)}= 0\) and \(\varphi\) is decreasing in \((0,\infty)\). Let \(\tau_hf(x)= f(x- h)\), with \(h\neq 0\) and \(f_R(x)= R^{-1} f(x/R)\) with \(R> 0\). In this paper, the authors characterize the pair of weights \((u,v)\) such that the operators \(M_{\tau_h\varphi} f(x)= \sup_{R> 0}|f|* [\tau_h\varphi]_R(x)\) are of weak type \((p,p)\) with respect to \((u,v)\), \(1< p<\infty\). They obtain several theorems in this paper. Below we review one of the main theorems. Let \({\mathcal F}^+\) and \({\mathcal F}^-\) be the sets of functions defined by \[ {\mathcal F}^+= \Biggl\{\varphi: \mathbb{R}\to [0,\infty): \varphi\chi_{(-\infty, 0)}= 0,\;\varphi\text{ decreasing in }(0,\infty)\text{ with }0< \int_{\mathbb{R}} \varphi< \infty\Biggr\}, \] \[ {\mathcal F}^-= \{\varphi: \varphi(-x)\in{\mathcal F}^+\}. \] Besides the classical \(A_p\) class, the authors also consider Sawyer's classes \(A^-_p\) and \(A^+_p\). One of the main results is the following Theorem 1.5. Let \(1\leq p<\infty\), \(\varphi\in{\mathcal F}^+\) and \(\varphi(0+)< \infty\). Then (i) If \(h> 0\), then \(M_{\tau_h\varphi}\) is of weak type \((p,p)\) with respect to the pair \((u,v)\) if and only if \((u,v)\in A^-_p\). (ii) If \(h< 0\) and \(\text{supp}(\varphi)\subseteq (0,|h|]\), then \(M_{\tau_h\varphi}\) is of weak type \((p,p)\) with respect to \((u,v)\) if and only if \((u,v)\in A^+_p\). (iii) If \(h< 0\) and \(\text{supp}(\varphi)\cap(|h|, \infty)\neq\emptyset\), then \(M_{\tau_h\varphi}\) is of weak type \((p,p)\) with respect to \((u,v)\) if and only if \((u,v)\in A_p\).