The spectral study of a class of Moran measures in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) (Q7008232)

Assume \(\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\|(A_{k}A_{k-1}\dotsi A_{1})^{-1}\|\) and \(\sup\{\|\xi\|:\xi\in A_{k}^{-1}D_{k}\), \(k\ge1\}\) are finite. Then the sequence of measures\N\[\N\mu_{k}:=\delta_{A_{1}^{-1}D_{1}}*\delta_{A_{1}^{-1}A_{2}^{-1}D_{2}}*\dotsi*\delta_{A_{1}^{-1}A_{2}^{-1}\cdots A_{k}^{-1}D_{k}}\N\]\Nconverges to a measure (Moran measure) \(\mu_{\{A_{k}\},\{D_{k}\}}:=\delta_{A_{1}^{-1}D_{1}}*\delta_{A_{1}^{-1}A_{2}^{-1}D_{2}}* \dotsi \) with compact support \(T(A_{k},D_{k})\) and \(\mu_{\{A_{k}\},\{D_{k}\}}(\mathbb{R}^{n})=1\) in a weak sense, where \(*\) denotes the convolution sign and\N\[\NT(A_{k},D_{k})= \Bigl\{\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}(A_{k}A_{k-1}\dotsi A_{1})^{-1}d:d\in D_{k} \Bigr\}:=\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}(A_{k}A_{k-1}\dotsi A_{1})^{-1}D_{k}.\N\]\NIn this paper, the author considers the spectrality of the Moran measure \( \mu_{\{A_{k}\},\{D_{k}\}} \) generated by a sequence of expansive matrices \( \{A_{k}\}_{k=1}^{\infty} \subset M_{n}(\mathbb{Z}) \) and a sequence of finite integer digit sets \( \{D_{k}\}_{k=1}^{\infty} \) satisfying the following condition:\N\[\N\{x\in(0,1)^{n}:m_{D_{k}}(x)=0\}=q^{-1}\mathbb{Z}^{n}\cap[0,1)^{n}\backslash\{0\}=\mathcal{E}_{q}^{n},\quad\sup_{d\in D_{k}}\| d \|<\infty. \tag{1}\N\]\NThe main results are as follows.\N\N{Theorem 1.2.} Let \(\mu_{\{A_{k}\},\{D_{k}\}}\) be a Moran measure satisfying the conditions in (1), where \(q \geq 2\) is an integer and \(A_{k} \in M_{n}(\mathbb{Z})\) for each \(k\). If \( \mu_{\{A_{k}\},\{D_{k}\}} \) is a spectral measure, then \(A_{k}\in M_{n}(q\mathbb{Z})\), \( k \ge 2 \) and \(\#D_{j}=q^{n}\), \( j \ge 1 \).\N\N{Theorem 1.3.} Let \(\mu_{\{A_{k}\},\{D_{k}\}}\) be a Moran measure satisfying the conditions in (1), where \(q \geq 2\) is an integer and \(A_{k} \in M_{n}(\mathbb{Z})\) for each \(k\). Let \( \delta>0\), \(\beta>0\), denote\N\[\N\mathcal{A}_{\delta,\beta}= \Bigl\{A\in M_{n}(\mathbb{Z}): A^{-1}\Bigl[-\frac{1}{2}-\delta,\frac{1}{2}+\delta\Bigr]^{n}\cap (\mathcal{E}_{q}^{n}+\mathbb{Z}^{n})_{\beta}=\emptyset \Bigr\},\N\]\Nwhere \( (\mathcal{E}_{q}^{n}+\mathbb{Z}^{n})_{\beta}=\{x : \sup_{y\in (\mathcal{E}_{q}^{n}+\mathbb{Z}^{n})}\| x-y\|<\beta\}. \) Suppose \N\[\N\limsup_{k\rightarrow\infty}\| A^{-1}_{k}\| \le r<1,\N\]\Nand\N\[\NA_{h+1}^{t}A_{h+2}^{t}\dotsi A_{h+p}^{t}\in \mathcal{A}_{\delta,\beta}\N\]\Nfor all \(p\ge0\) and sufficient large \(h\). Then \( \mu_{\{A_{k}\},\{D_{k}\}} \) is a spectral measure if and only if \(A_{k}\in M_{n}(q\mathbb{Z})\), \( k \ge 2 \) and \(\#D_{j}=q^{n}\), \( j \ge 1 \).\N\NAs corollaries, if \(\{A_{k}\}_{k=1}^{\infty}\) is a sequence of upper triangular matrices or diagonal matrices, the author obtains some necessary and sufficient conditions for the spectral measure, which extends some results in \(\mathbb R\) or \(\mathbb R^{2}\) to higher dimensions.\N\NReviewer's remark: In Equation (1.5), the author should assert \( \delta>0\), \(\beta>0\). In Corollary 1.5, there is a grammatical error, one should replace `with satisfies' with `satisfying'. In reference [17], one should change `Adv. Math.' to `Adv. Math., Beijing'.