Curve singularities with one Puiseux pair and value sets of modules over their local rings (Q7008702)

The authors work over \(\mathbb C\). Let \((C,\mathbf 0)\) be an irreducible plane curve singularity, defined by a germ of a function\N\[\Nf(x,y)=x^p-y^q+\sum_{iq+jp>pq}a_{i,j}x^iy^j\N\]\Nwith \(\gcd(p,q)=1\). Let \(R=\mathbb C\{x,y\}/(f)\) be the local ring of \((C,\mathbf 0)\),\N\(F\) its field of quotients, \(v\colon F\to \mathbb N\cup\{\infty\}\)\Nthe valuation defined by \(v(h):=\mathrm{ord}_t\bigl(h(x(t),y(t))\bigr)\). Set \(\Gamma(C):=v(R)=\langle\overline\beta_0,\ldots,\overline\beta_h\rangle\); note that \(\Gamma(C)\) has the structure of a discrete semigroup; it is a topological invariant of the singularity. Set \(n_i:=\gcd(\overline\beta_0,\ldots,\overline\beta_{i-1})/\gcd(\overline\beta_0,\ldots,\N\overline\beta_i)\) for \(i\in\{1,\ldots,g\}\) and \(n_0:=-1\), then \(\Gamma(C)\) satisfies the following properties\N\N1. \(n_i\overline \beta_i\in\langle \overline \beta_0,\ldots,\overline\beta_{i-1}\rangle\quad\mbox{for } i=1,\ldots,g;\)\N\N2. \(n_i\overline\beta_i<\overline\beta_{i+1}\quad\mbox{for } i=0,\ldots,g-1\).\N\N\textit{H. Bresinsky} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 32, 381--384 (1972; Zbl 0218.14003)] and [\textit{O. Zariski}, Le problème des modules pour les branches planes. Paris: Hermann, Éditeurs des Sciences et des Arts (1986; Zbl 0592.14010)] proved that for every numerical semigroup \(\Gamma \) which satisfies these two conditions there exists a plane branch \((C,\mathbf 0)\subset(\mathbb C^2,\mathbf 0)\) such that \(\Gamma=\Gamma(C)\); the authors will refer to this result as the Bresinsky-Teissier Theorem.\NThe analytic counterpart of \(\Gamma\) is the value set of Kähler differentials \(\Delta^\prime =v(Rdx+Rdy)\); this is an analytic invariant. \(\Delta^\prime\) has a structure as a \(\Gamma\)-semi-module; \(\Delta:=v(R+Rdy/dx) \) is its normalization.\N\NIn this paper the authors study the case that \(C:f(x,y)=0\) is the germ of an irreducible curve singularity with one Puiseux pair, i.e., a germ of a plane curve with equation\N\[\Nf(x,y)=x^p-y^q+\sum_{iq+jp=pq}a_{i,j}x^iy^j,\N\]\Nwhere \( \gcd(p,q)=1\). In this case \(\Gamma=\langle p,q\rangle=\{n\in\mathbb N\mid n=ap+bq\}\).\N\NIn section 2 the authors study for such a semigroup \(\Gamma\) the set of \(\Gamma\)-semimodules. They introduce the notion of an increasing \(\Gamma\)-semimodule (Def.\ 2.10); the class of such \(\Gamma\)-semimodules is not empty.\N\NMoyano-Fernández and Uliczka introduced a lattice path representation of the elements in \(\mathbb N\setminus \Gamma \) [\textit{J. J. Moyano-Fernández} and \textit{J. Uliczka}, Semigroup Forum 88, No. 3, 631--646 (2014; Zbl 1381.20048); Semigroup Forum 92, No. 3, 675--690 (2016; Zbl 1378.16046)]. The class of increasing \(\Gamma\)=semimodules is introduced in Def.\ 2.10.\N\NThe main goal of this paper is to provide an extension of the Bresinsky-Teissier Theorem to increasing \(\Gamma\)-semimodules \(L\).\N\NThis is done in Th.\ 3.1. Let \(L\) be such a \(\Gamma\)-semimodule. Then there exists a plane curve singularity \((C,\mathbf 0) \) such that -- \(R\) and \(v\) being as above -- one has \(\Gamma=\Gamma(C)\) and \(L=v(R+zR)\) for some \(z\in\overline R\).\N\NSection 4 contains some results concerning the Kähler differential modules \(\Omega_R:=\Omega^1_{R/\mathbb C}\) and \(\Omega_{\overline R}\).