Elementary integrability of polynomial Rayleigh-Duffing systems (Q7035541)

The authors study the so-called Rayleigh-Duffing systems which are systems of the form \N\[\N\dot{x} = y, \quad \dot{y} = X(x) + Y (y), \N\]\Nwhere \(X(x) = a_0 + a_1 x + \cdots + a_r x^r\) and \(Y(y) = b_1 y + \cdots + b_s y^s\) with \( a_rb_s \neq 0\) and \(\max\{r, s\} \geq 2\). Except for the Liénard case, i.e., \(r \geq 2\) and \(s = 1\), the elementary integrability (defined by \textit{M. J. Prelle} and \textit{M. F. Singer} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 279, 215--229 (1983; Zbl 0527.12016)]) of such systems is characterized completely. The key point lies in rewriting the equation of invariant algebraic curves as a Weierstrass polynomial equation in \(y\) with polynomial coefficients in \(x\) and subsequently examining in detail the leading-degree terms of the polynomial coefficients.