Lamé operators with finite monodromy -- a combinatorial approach (Q703828)

The paper describes the Lamé differential operators \(L_n\) with a full set of algebraic solutions, where \[ L_n=(\frac{d} {dx}^2+\frac 12 \sum^3_{i=1}\frac{1}{x-e_i}\frac{d}{dx}-\frac {n(n+1)x+B}{4\prod^3_{i=1}(x-e_i)} \] For each finite group \(G\), it describes the possible values of the degree parameter \(n\) such that the Lamé operator has the projective monodromy group \(G\). Previous investigations were concerned with the case \(n=1\) and determined the number of essentially different Lamé operators with finite monodromy. This paper continuous this investigation and describes completely these operators for arbitrary \(n\in Q\). The main result of this paper is contained in the following theorem: (1) There is no Lamé operator with cyclic projective monodromy group. (2) There is no Lamé operator with tetrahedral projective monodromy group. (3) If the projective monodromy group of the Lamé operator \(L_n\) is octahedral, then \(n\in\frac 12(Z+ \frac 12)\cup\frac 13(Z+\frac 12)\). (4) If the projective monodromy group of the Lamé operator \(L_n\) is icosahedral, then \(n\in\frac 13(Z+ \frac 12)\cup\frac 15(Z+\frac 12)\). (5) If the projective monodromy group of the Lamé operator \(L_n\) is dihedral, then \(n\in Z\). If \(n\in Z\) and the projective monodromy group is finite, then this group is dihedral of order at least 6. The details surrounding this result are clearly presented included with several tables presenting the results. The paper is very well written.