Polynomial operators and local smoothness classes on the unit interval (Q707207)

In this interesting paper, the author characterizes local Besov spaces in terms of suitably modified orthogonal expansions -- similar to those considered in summability theory, or the theory of multipliers. Let \(\mu\) be a positive measure on \([-1,1]\), and \(\{p_n\}\) be its orthogonal polynomials, so that \[ \int p_np_m\,d\mu=\delta_{mn}. \] For a \(\mu\)-measurable function \(f\) on \([-1,1]\), define the associated Fourier coefficients \[ f_j=\int f p_j d\mu, j\geq 0, \] and form the modified orthogonal expansion \[ \sigma_n(H,f) =\sum^\infty_{j=0} h_{j,n}f_jp_j. \] Here \(H = (h_{j,n})_{j,n\geq O}\) is a bi-infinite matrix with specified properties. Moreover, let \[ \tau_n(H,f) = \sigma_{2^n}(H,f)-\sigma_{2^{n-1}}(H,f), \] an operator which is similar to the dilated de la Vallée Poussin mean. The author establishes the identity \[ f=\sum^\infty_{n=0}\tau_n(H,f) \] in a wide variety of situations, and characterizes local Besov spaces in terms of the behavior of the sequence \(\{\tau_n(H,f)\}\). The hypotheses involve a Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequality in a general setting: let \(\nu\) be a measure and \(1 \leq p\leq\infty\). We call \(\mu\) an M-Z measure of order \(n\) with respect to \(\mu\), if its support is contained in that of \(\mu\), and \[ \int P \,d\nu=\int P\, du \] for all polynomials \(P\) of degree \(\leq n\), while \[ \| P\|_{L_p(\nu)}\leq c\| P\|_{L_p(\mu)} \] for all \(P\) of degree \(\leq n\). The constant \(c\) is typically taken independent of \(n\) as well as \(P\), and the measure \(\nu\) is often a purely discrete measure with number of jumps depending on \(n\). The author illustrates the results for Jacobi weights, and outlines applications in local approximation, approximation on the sphere, and quadrature estimates.