A Hecke correspondence theorem for automorphic integrals with symmetric rational period functions on the Hecke groups (Q710508)

An entire automorphic integral \(F(z)\) of weight \(k\) for a discrete subgroup \(G(\lambda)\) of \(\text{PSL}(2, \mathbb{R})\) generated by \[ S_{\lambda}:= \left(\begin{matrix}1 & \lambda \cr 0 & 1\end{matrix} \right) \;\;\; \text{ and }\;\; T:=\left(\begin{matrix} 0&1\cr -1&0\end{matrix}\right) \] is a function of the upper half plane \(\mathcal H\) satisfying \(S_\lambda\) invariance expressed by the Fourier series expansion \[ F(z) = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}a_n e^{2 \pi i nz/\lambda} \] for all \(z \in \mathcal H\), but the transformation law under \(T\) is \[ (-z)^{-k}F(Tz) = F(z)+q(z) \] where \(q(z) \in \mathbb{C}(z)\) is referred to as a rational periodic function. By the usual technique, the Mellin transform \[ \Phi(s) = \left(\frac{2 \pi}{\lambda}\right)^{-s} \Gamma(s) \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{a_n}{n^s} \] associates to \(F(z)\) the Dirichlet series \(\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{a_n}{n^s}\). In [\textit{M. I. Knopp}, Glasg. Math. J. 22, 185--197 (1981; Zbl 0459.10017)] a Hecke correspondence theorem for entire automorphic integrals for the full modular group was proven, subject to the condition that the poles of \(q(z)\) be rational. Later it was found in [\textit{J. H. Hawkins} and \textit{M. I. Knopp}, Ill. J. Math. 36, No. 2, 178--207 (1992; Zbl 0742.11028)] that irrational poles contribute a term \(R(s)\) to the functional equation satisfied by \(\Phi(s)\) in the case of an automorphic integral over \(G(2)\), and in this context, a Hecke correspondence theorem relating existence of such a functional equation to existence of an associated automorphic integral was produced. In the paper here under review, the author considers the Hecke groups \(G(\lambda)\) for \(0 \leq \lambda \leq 2\) and proves a similar result in the case that \(k\) is even and the poles of \(q(z)\) are fixed points of certain types of elements of \(G(\lambda)\) with the symmetry condition that if \(\alpha\) is a pole of \(q(z)\) then so is the \(\alpha'\) which is fixed by the same element of \(G(\lambda)\). The matter is complicated by the second relation on the generators \(S_{\lambda}\) and \(T\) (which does not occur in the case of \(G(2)\)) manifested in a second relation on \(q(z).\) The author gives an explicit formula for \(R(s)\) in terms of hypergeometric functions, and shows that it is constrained to satisfy two relations echoing those on \(G(\lambda)\) itself.