Estimates of small Dirac eigenvalues on 3-dimensional Sasakian manifolds (Q711261)

It is known that on a closed Riemannian spin manifold \(M^n\) of odd dimension \(n,n\equiv 3\bmod 4\), the spectrum of the Dirac operator \(D\) is in general not symmetric with respect to zero. In this case, lower estimates for the first positive eigenvalue \(\lambda^+_1 > 0\) of \(D\) and upper estimates for the first negative eigenvalue \(\lambda^-_1 < 0\) of \(D\) are of interest. In the special case of closed 3-dimensional Sasakian spin manifolds \(M^3\), the author obtains results in this direction. If the minimum of the scalar curvature \(S\) of \(M^3\) satisfies the condition \(S_{\min} >\frac32\), he proves the general estimate \(\lambda^-_1\leq (1-\sqrt{4+2S_{\min}}\)) and, moreover, the estimate \(\lambda^+_1\geq \frac18(6+S_{\min})\) whenever it holds that \(\lambda^+_1\in(\frac12,\frac52)\). The essential ingredients of the proof are certain Weitzenböck formulas for the Dirac operator on Sasakian manifolds of dimension 3. The author shows that his estimates are sharp in the sense that there are 3-dimensional Sasakian manifolds for which the given bounds of \(\lambda^-_1\) and \(\lambda^+_1\) are itself eigenvalues of \(D\). Moreover, for \(S_{\min} > 0\), both estimates improve the estimate for the first eigenvalue of \(D\) which was given by Th. Friedrich in 1980. The article finishes with interesting conjectures concerning the estimate of \(\lambda^-_1\) and \(\lambda^+_1\) on Sasakian manifolds of higher dimensions.