Galois theory over integral Tate algebras (Q713038)

The main result of this paper is that the absolute Galois group of the quotient field \(F\) of an integral Tate algebra is always semi-free, although it often is not free. Here, by an integral Tate algebra the authors mean an integral domain which is a finite extension of the free affinoid algebra \(T_n\subseteq K[[X_1,\dots,X_n]]\) of power series convergent on the \(n\)-dimensional unit polydisc over a field \(K\) which is complete with respect to an ultrametric absolute value. The notion of a semi-free group was introduced in [\textit{L. Bary-Soroker} et al., Math. Ann. 348, No. 3, 539--563 (2010; Zbl 1256.20028)] as an approximation to freeness for non-projective groups: A profinite group is free if and only if it is semi-free and projective. To prove that the absolute Galois group of \(F\) is semi-free it suffices to show that the quotient field of \(T_n\) is Hilbertian, ample (or large), and a Krull field in the sense of [\textit{F. Pop}, Ann. Math. (2) 172, No. 3, 2183--2195 (2010; Zbl 1220.12001)]. While the first two properties were essentially well-known, the last one could be deduced from results in the literature only in the special case where the absolute value on \(K\) corresponds to a discrete valuation, and the proof of the general case takes up most of the paper. On the way to their main result, the authors also prove that the maximal purely inseparable extension of \(F\) is a fully Hilbertian field in the sense of \textit{L. Bary-Soroker} and \textit{E. Paran} [Isr. J. Math. 194, 507--538 (2013; Zbl 1298.12002)]. In the last section, they give criteria under which the absolute Galois group of \(F\) is not projective, and hence not free.