Bounds for extreme zeros of some classical orthogonal polynomials (Q714883)

Let \(\{p_n\}_{n\geq0}\) be a sequence of orthogonal polynomials, fix \(k,n\) from the non-negative integers with \(k<n-k\) and suppose that there are polynomials \(g_{n-k},G_k(x),f(x)\) with \(\deg(g_{n-k})=n-k-1\) and \(\deg(G_k)=k\) such that \[ f(x)g_{n-k}(x)=G_k(x)p_{n-1}(x)+H(x)p_n(x) \] holds. The authors extract various ways in which the roots of \(G_k(x)p_{n-1}(x)\) interlace. As a consequence, the largest (resp., smallest) zero of \(G_k\) is a strict lower (resp., upper) bound for the largest (resp., smallest) zero of \(p_n\). In order to illustrate their result, the authors take three term recurrence relations of classical orthogonal polynomials, like Laguerre, Jacobi, or Gegenbauer polynomials, that satisfy the above criterion and obtain new bounds for the zeros under consideration.