A classification of factorial surfaces of nongeneral type (Q715704)

The paper uses the logarithmic Kodaira dimension to give a classification of complex affine surfaces whose coordinate ring is a unique factorization domain. It deals only with such surfaces of Kodaira dimension at most 1 (the so called of nongeneral type). The last section of the paper motivates the choice of the family of nongeneral type by giving examples. These examples indicate that it might be that for classification of general type surfaces, we will have to use more invariants because the logarithmic Kodaira dimension seems to be non sufficient. Two parameters of the surface \(V\) in consideration are being used for the classification. The first is the relation between the multiplicativs group of units \(\Gamma(V,O)^*\) in the coordinate ring of \(V\) and \(\mathbb{C}^*\). The second is the smoothness of the surface. The paper uses for the classification the following results: (1) The classification of surfaces given in theorems 2,3 and 4 of \textit{R. V. Gurjar} and \textit{M. Miyanishi} [J. Algebra 253, No. 1, 100--111 (2002; Zbl 1047.14050); in: Algebraic geometry and commutative algebra, in Honor of Masayoshi Nagata, Vol. I, 99--124 (1988; Zbl 0707.14015)]. (2) The table of surfaces in section 8.64 of \textit{T. Fujita} [J. Fac. Sci., Univ. Tokyo, Sect. I A 29, 503--566 (1982; Zbl 0513.14018)]. (3) The description of positively graded domains as described in [\textit{S. Mori}, Jap. J. Math., new Ser. 3, 223--238 (1977; Zbl 0393.13003)]. (4) The classification of singular fibers of an elliptic fibration on a smooth rational surface in [\textit{U. Persson}, Math. Z. 205, No. 1, 1--47 (1990; Zbl 0722.14021)]. In case that \(\Gamma(V,O)^*=\mathbb{C}^*\) the classification in the smooth subcase is \(V\) isomorphic to \(\mathbb{C}^2\) if \(\overline{\kappa}(V)=-\infty\) and the surfaces in the paper cited in (1) for \(\overline{\kappa}(V)=0,\,1\). In the nonsmooth subcase \(V\) is the affine \(E_8\)-singularity if \(\overline{\kappa}(V_0)=-\infty\) (\(V_0\) is the smooth locus of \(V\)) and for \(\overline{\kappa}(V_0)=0,\,1\) it is described in the constructions in section 4 of the paper. In the case \(\Gamma(V,O)^*\neq\mathbb{C}^*\) there are no singular surfaces of nongeneral type. So for the smooth subcase \(V\) is isomorphic to an \(\mathbb{C}\times (\mathbb{C}- \{ \text{at\,least\,one\,point}\})\) if \(\overline{\kappa}(V)=-\infty\). For \(\overline{\kappa}(V)=0\) Fujita's paper cited in (2) is used and for \(\overline{\kappa}(V)=1\), \(V\) is obtained from a smooth \(\mathbb{Z}\)-homology plane with a \(\mathbb{C}^*\)-fibration by removing a number of regular fibers.