Transfinite thin plate spline interpolation (Q717122)

Recently the author introduced boundary conditions of Beppo-Levi type. Let \(n,p,N\) be positive integers with \(2\leq p\leq N+1,\) and \(\tau=\{ t_0,\ldots,t_N\},\) where \(t_0<t_1<\ldots<t_N\) are fixed real numbers, \(t_{-1}=-\infty,t_{N+1}=\infty;\) \(\Omega_j=\{ (t,y)\in\mathbb R\times\mathbb R^n: t\in (t_{j-1},t_j)\},\) \(j\in\{1,2,\ldots,N\}.\) A function \(S:\mathbb R^{n+1}\to\mathbb C\) is called a Beppo-Levi polyspline of order \(p\) on a strip determined by \(\tau\) in \(\mathbb R^{n+1}\) \((S\in\mathcal S_p(\tau,n))\) if the following conditions hold: (i) \(S\in C^{2p-2}(\mathbb R^{n+1});\) (ii) \(S\) is polyharmonic of order \(p\) on each open strip \(\Omega_j,j\in\{0,1,\ldots,N+1\}\) (i.e. \(\Delta^pS(x)=0\)); (iii) \(S\) is \(2\pi\)-periodic in each of its last \(n\) variables; (iv)\(S\) satisfies the Beppo-Levi conditions \[ \partial^{\alpha}S\in L^2(\mathbb R\times\mathbb T^n),\quad \forall \alpha\in\mathbb Z_+^{n+1},\quad |\alpha|=p. \] The main results prove that, for sufficiently smooth periodic data functions prescribed on \(\{t_j\}\times\mathbb R^n,j\in\{0,1,\ldots,N\},\) there exists a unique interpolant in \(S\in\mathcal S_p(\tau,n)),\) which minimizes the Duchon type functional \[ \int_{\mathbb R\times\mathbb T^n}\sum_{|\alpha|=p}\frac{p!}{n!}\left|\partial^{\alpha}F(t,y)\right|^2dtdy \] among all \(F\in C^p(\mathbb R\times\mathbb T^n)\) with square-integrable partial derivatives of total order \(p.\) This shows that the Beppo-Levi polyspline interpolation is a genuine thin plate spline analog for transfinite interpolation. The construction and variational characterization of the Beppo--Levi polysplines are based on the analysis of a new class of univariate exponential \(\mathcal {L}\)-splines satisfying adjoint natural end conditions.