An isoperimetric inequality for diffused surfaces (Q725637)

If \(U\subset\mathbb R^n\) is an open set and \(\mu\) is a Radon measure on \(U\), then a \(m\)-varifold on \(U\) is a positive Radon measure \(V\) on \({\mathbb G}(U)=U\times\mathbb G(n,m)\) and \(\mathbb V_m(U)\) is the set of all \(m\)-varifolds on \(U\), where \({\mathbb G}(n,m)\) is the Grassmannian of \(m\)-planes in \(\mathbb R^n\). If \(m\) and \(n\) are positive integers, with \(m\leq n\), \(U\) is an open subset of \(\mathbb R^n\), \(V\) is an \(m\)-dimensional varifold in \(U\) whose first variation \(\delta V\) is representable by integration, \(\|\delta V\|\) is a Radon measure, and \(Y\) is a finite-dimensional normed vector space, then a \(Y\)-valued \(\|V\|+\|\delta V\|\)-measurable function \(f\) with \(\text{Dom}(f)\subset U\) is called generalized \(V\) weakly differentiable if and only if there is some \(\|V\|\) measurable \(\text{Hom}(\mathbb R^n,Y)\)-valued function \(F\) such that \[ \int_{K\cap\{x:|f(x)|\leq s\}}\|F\|d\|V\|<\infty \] for a compact subset \(K\subset U\), that is, it is required that an integration-by-parts identity simultaneously holds for each composition of the function with a smooth real-valued function whose derivative has compact support. For \(m,n\in\mathbb N\) with \(m\leq n\) and \(V\in\mathbb V_m(\mathbb R^n)\), let \(M:\mathbb R^n\to \overline{\mathbb R}\) be a function defined as \(M(x)=\sup\left\{\frac{\|V\|B(a,s)}{a(m)s^m};\;x\in B(a,s)\right\}\), where \(a\in\mathbb R^n\) and \(0<s\). If \(\|V\|B(a,s)\geq da(m)s^m\), then \(B(a,s)\subset\{x;\;M(x)\geq d\}\) and \(d>0\). In this paper, the authors prove an isoperimetric inequality for general varifolds in Euclidean space in the study of surfaces that are not concentrated on a set of their own dimension known as diffused surfaces. They show that if \(\|V\|(\mathbb R^n)<\infty\), then \[ \|V\|(\{x;\;M(x)\geq d\})^{1-1/m}\leq\Gamma d^{-1/m}\|\delta V\|(\mathbb R^n) \] for \(d>0\), where \(\Gamma=2^{-1}\) if \(m=1\), \(\Gamma=5^m3^{1/(m-1)}a(m)^{-1/m}\) if \(m>1\), and \(0^0=0\). Also, making use of generalized weakly differentiable functions, the authors present a variety of Sobolev-type inequalities. For example they show that \[ \left(\int_{B(d)}g^{m/(m-1)}d\|V\|\right)^{1-1/m}\leq\Gamma d^{-1/m}\left(\int|f|d\|\delta V\|+\int\|VDf\|d\|V\|\right), \] where \(f\) is generalized weakly differentiable function, \(VDf\) is the derivative associated to \(f\), \(B(d)=\{x;\;\|V\|B(x,r)\geq da(m)r^m\}\), and \(g:\mathbb R^n\to\mathbb R^n\) satisfies \(g(a)=\sup\{y;\;\|V\|(B(a,r)\cap\{x;\;|f(x)\leq y\})\leq 2^{-1}\|V\|B(a,r)\}.\)