Orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle: Verblunsky coefficients with some restrictions imposed on a pair of related real sequences (Q725744)

This paper reviews several recent theorems regarding the study of orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle \(\mathbb{T}=\{z =e^{i\theta}: 0 \leq \theta \leq 2\pi \}\), namely \textit{M. S. Costa} et al. [J. Approx. Theory 173, 14--32 (2013; Zbl 1282.33017)] and \textit{K. Castillo} et al. [J. Approx. Theory 184, 146--162 (2014; Zbl 1291.42021)] from which we learn that a nontrivial probability measure on the unit circle corresponds to a pair of real sequences \(\{c_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}\) and \(\{d_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}\) where \(\{d_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}\) is a positive chain sequence and that ``from the sequences \(\{c_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}\) and \(\{d_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}\) it is possible to recover the associated probability measure (...)''. The chapter of the treatise by \textit{B. Simon} [Orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle. Part 2: Spectral theory. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (2005; Zbl 1082.42021)] regarding probability measures on the unit circle associated with periodic Verblunsky coefficients is also revisited as the background of some of the main results of this paper. In particular, the authors prove, among others, the following result: ``Let \(\mu\) be the probability measure on the unit circle associated with the pair of sequences \(\{ \{c_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}\, , \, \{d_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}\}\}\), where \(c_{n}=(-1)^{n} \tilde{c}_{n}, \) \(\tilde{c}_{n} \geq c>0\) and \(\{d_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}\) is a positive chain sequence. Then, the support of \(\mu\) lies within \(\mathcal{C}_{1} \cup \mathcal{C}_{2}\)'', where \[ \mathcal{C}_{1} = \{z \in \mathbb{T}: 0 \leq \arg(z) \leq \theta_{c} \}\, , \; \mathcal{C}_{2} = \{z \in \mathbb{T}: 2\pi - \theta_{c} \leq \arg(z) \leq 2\pi \}\,, \] with \(\quad \theta_{c}= \arccos\left( \frac{c^2-1}{c^2+1} \right) \in \left[ 0, \pi \right]\; , \; c \in \mathbb{R}\). The results provided by the authors are applied in a final section to the case where \(\{ \{c_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}\, , \, \{d_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}\}\}\) are defined by: \( c_{n} = (-1)^{n}c \) and \(d_{n}=\left(1-m_{n-1} \right)m_{n}, \) \(n \geq 1\), with \(c \in \mathbb{R}\) and \(m_{0}=0\, , \quad m_{2n-1}= \dfrac{1-b_{1}}{2}\, , \quad m_{2n}= \dfrac{1-b_{2}}{2}\, , \; n \geq 1\), for \(b_{1}\, , \, b_{2} \in \mathbb{R},\) \(\, | b_{1} |<1 \) and \(|b_{2}| < 1\).