On canonical bases and internality criteria (Q733361)

The paper under review establishes a model-theoretic analogue of \textit{F. Campana}'s ``algebraicity criteria'' for compact Kähler manifolds [Invent. Math. 63, 187--223 (1981; Zbl 0436.32024)], which asserts that if \(X\) is a Kähler-type complex-analytic space which admits a generating family of cycles for \(X\) with all members being Moishezon, then \(X\) is itself Moishezon. The authors work in a stable theory \(T\) of finite \(\mathrm{U}\)-rank. The key definition is that of a generating family in the model-theoretic context. Let \(p(x)\), \(s(y)\) and \(q(x,y)\) be stationary types (over \(A\)). Then \(q\) is a \textit{generating family} of \(p\) if \(q(x,y)\vdash p(x)\wedge s(y)\), the fiber \(q(x,b)\) is stationary for \(b\models s\) and \(\mathrm{acl}(Aa)\cap\mathrm{acl}(Ab)=\mathrm{acl}(A)\) for \((a,b)\models q\). The main result of the paper states the following. Assume that \(q(x,y)\) is a generating family of \(p\) (over \(A\)) such that a fiber \(q(x,b)\) is almost internal to the non-modular minimal type \(r\). Then \(r\) is non-orthogonal to \(A\) and \(p\) is almost analysable in \(r\). Moreover, if the CBP holds in \(T\), then \(p\) is almost internal to \(r\). Recall that the \textit{canonical base property} (CBP) for a stable theory \(T\) of finite rank states that if \(b=\mathrm{Cb}(\mathrm{stp}(a/b))\), then \(\mathrm{stp}(a/b)\) is almost internal to the family of non-modular minimal types in \(T\). In all known cases, the CBP holds, e.g.\ in the theory of compact complex-analytic spaces and the (finite rank part of) the theory of differentially closed fields of characteristic 0, with possibly several commuting derivations. In compact complex-analytic spaces, the only non-modular minimal type (up to non-orthogonality) is the generic type of the projective line \(\mathbb{P}(\mathbb{C})\) which may be identified with the generic type of the field of complex numbers. The CBP is of particular interest in connection with Zilber's trichotomy conjecture, known to be true in compact complex-analytic spaces. The authors first prove some general facts about generating families. Then they give an exposition of Campana's results and extract their model-theoretic content, making precise the connection to their main result. A stronger version of the CBP -- called uniform CBP -- is introduced and shown to hold for compact complex-analytic spaces. The uniform CBP is studied in connection with results of \textit{Z. Chatzidakis} [A note on canonical bases and one-based types in supersimple theories, preprint (2006, revised 2008), available at \url{http://www.logique.jussieu.fr/\(\sim\)zoe}]; a key result of this paper is essentially used to establish the main result in the case where the fibers of the generating family are of rank 1. The general case is then reduced to the rank 1 case.