Triple Hilbert transforms along polynomial surfaces in \(\mathbb{R}^4\) (Q734611)

Let \(\mathbb{Z}^{+}\) denote the set of all nonnegative integers and \(\Lambda_{\nu} \subset \mathbb{Z}^{3}_{+}\) be a finite set of multi-indices for \(\nu = 1, 2, 3, 4\). Given \(\Lambda = (\Lambda_{1}, \dots, \Lambda_4)\), we set \(\mathcal{P}_{\Lambda}\) the family of all vector polynomials \(\mathcal{P}_{\Lambda}\)'s of the following form \[ \mathcal{P}_{\Lambda} = \bigg\{ P_{\Lambda} : P_{\Lambda}(t) = \big( \sum_{\mathbf{m} \in \Lambda_1} a_{\mathbf{m}}^1 t^{\mathbf{m}}, \dots, \sum_{\mathbf{m} \in \Lambda_4} a_{\mathbf{m}}^{4} t^{\mathbf{m}} \big) \bigg\} \] where \(a_{\mathbf{m}}^{\nu}\)'s are nonzero real numbers. For each Schwartz function \(f\) on \(\mathbb{R}^4\), the (local) triple Hilbert transforms of \(f\) associated a vector polynomial \(P_{\Lambda}\) contained in \(\mathcal{P}_{\Lambda}\) is defined by \[ \mathcal{H}_{P_{\Lambda}} = \lim_{\epsilon \rightarrow 0} \iiint_{I_{\epsilon }} f \big(x-P_{\Lambda}(t) \big) \, \frac{dt_1 dt_2 dt_3}{t_1 t_2 t_3} \] where \(I_{\epsilon} = \prod_{j=1}^{3} \{\epsilon_j \leq |t_j| \leq 1 \}\) and \(\epsilon = (\epsilon_1, \epsilon_2, \epsilon_3)\). Given any \(\Omega \subset \mathbb{Z}^{3}_{+}\) , let \[ O_{\mathbf{m}} = \{ (x_1, x_2, x_3) \in \mathbb{R}^3 : x_1 \geq m_1, x_2 \geq m_2, x_3 \geq m_3 \} \] for each \(\mathbf{m} = (m_1, m_2, m_3) \in \Omega\). The Newton polyhedron \(\mathbf{N}(\Omega)\) of \(\Omega\) is the smallest closed convex set in \(\mathbb{R}^3\) that contains \(\bigcup_{\mathbf{m} \in \Omega} O_{\mathbf{m}}\). Let \(\Lambda\) be given by \[ \Lambda = ( \{ \mathbf{e}_{1}\}, \{ \mathbf{e}_{2}\}, \{ \mathbf{e}_{3}\}, \Lambda_4 ) \] where \(\Lambda_4 \in \mathbb{Z}^{3}_{+}\) and for each \(\nu = 1, 2, 3\), \(\mathbf{e}_{\nu}\) is the vector in \(\mathbb{Z}^{3}_{+}\) whose \(\nu\)-th component is \(1\) and all other components are \(0\). In this paper the authors proved two theorems regarding to the necessary and sufficient conditions for the \(L^2{(\mathbb{R}^4)}\) boundedness of \(\mathcal{H}_{P_{\Lambda}}\). One is universal in that their necessary and sufficient conditions to all \(P_{\Lambda} \in \mathcal{P}_{\Lambda}\). The other is individual in that their conditions correspond to a given \(P_{\Lambda} \in \mathcal{P}_{\Lambda}\), that is, the necessary and sufficient conditions are given by certain vanishing oscillatory integrals associated with each edge of \(\mathbf{N}(\Lambda_4)\). That cancelation condition necessarily depends on the coefficients of \(P_{\Lambda}\) as well as its exponents. On both of their theorems, their necessary and sufficient conditions are subject to the following three nondegenerate hypotheses on the Newton polyhedron \(\mathbf{N}(\Lambda_4)\): \parindent=6mm \begin{itemize}\item[H1] Every entry of a vertex is positive. \item[H2] Each edge is not contained on the hyperplane parallel to a coordinate plane, and the projection of the line containing an edge onto a coordinate plane does not pass through the origin. \item[H3] The plane determined by any three vertices does not contain the origin. For the individual theorem, there is an additional nondegeneracy condition to the above hypotheses.\end{itemize}