On trigonometric polynomials least deviating from zero (Q735853)

The main issue of the present paper is the solution of the following problems in approximation theory. The first one concerns the best uniform approximation on a compact set \(Q\) on the real line of the function \(\cos nt\) by the family \(F_{n-1}\) of trigonometric polynomials of degree \(n-1\) \[ e_n(Q)=\inf\{\|\cos nt-f_{n-1}(t)\|_{C(Q)}: f_{n-1}\in F_{n-1}\}. \] The extremal value under consideration is \(E_n(2h)=\inf\{E_n(Q)\}\), where inf is taken over all compact sets \(Q\) of the Lebesgue measure \(2h\). The second one is the problem of the best approximation of the function \(y\cos nt\) by the set \(F_{n-1}\) \[ \sigma_n(y)=\inf\{\mu(y\cos nt-f_{n-1}(t)): f_{n-1}\in F_{n-1}\} \] with respect to the functional \(\mu(h)=\text{mes}\{t\in [0,2\pi]: |h(t)|\geq 1\}\). The authors solve the second problem explicitly and show that \[ E_n(2h)=\frac1{y}, \qquad 2h=2\pi-\sigma_n(y). \] A version of the first problem for algebraic polynomials is also studied.