Time asymptotic description of an abstract Cauchy problem solution and application to transport equation (Q742900)

The authors deal first with time asymptotic expansions (in connection with spectral theory) for general semigroups governing perturbed Cauchy problems \[ \begin{cases} \begin{matrix} \frac {du}{dt}(t)=Au(t):=Bu(t)+Ku(t), \\ u(0)=u_{0}\in X, \end{matrix} \end{cases} \] where \(B\) is the generator of a \(C_{0}\)-semigroup \((S(t))_{t\geqslant 0}\) in a Banach space \(X\) and \(K\in \mathcal {L}(X).\) They show that if some power \( \left [ (\lambda -B)^{-1}K\right ] ^{M}\) is compact\ for \(\operatorname {Re}\lambda >\lambda ^{\ast }\) (\(\lambda ^{\ast }\) is the type of \((S(t))_{t\geqslant 0}\) ) and if we have an estimate on the vertical line of the form \[ \left \| K(\lambda -B)^{-1}K\right \| \leq \frac {\overline {c}}{ \left | \operatorname {Im}\lambda \right | ^{r}}\;(r>0)\;\;(\operatorname {Re}\lambda = \overline {\lambda }>\lambda ^{\ast }), \eqno (1) \] then \(\sigma (A)\cap \left \{ \lambda ;\;\operatorname {Re}\lambda >\overline {\lambda } \right \} \) consists (at most) of a finite set \(\left \{ \lambda _{1},\dots ,\lambda _{m}\right \} \) of eigenvalues with finite algebraic multiplicities and, for \(\varepsilon >0\) small enough, we have the uniform estimate \(\left \| T(t)(I-P)\right \| \leq C(\overline {\lambda } ,\varepsilon )e^{(\lambda ^{\ast }+\varepsilon )t}\) (in operator norm) of the remainder term, where \(P=\sum _{j=1}^{m}P_{j}.\) This theorem (with the same proof) was already given in 2000 by \textit{D. Song} [On the spectrum of neutron transport equations with reflecting boundary conditions. Blacksburg, Virginia: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Ph.D. Thesis) (2000), \url{http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03072000-23200015/}, Theorem 2.4.1] with applications to transport equations in slab geometry of spherical geometry in \(L^{1}\) spaces for some reflecting boundary conditions. In the second part of the paper, the authors consider one-dimensional kinetic transport equations in \(L^{1}\) spaces with nonlocal boundary conditions arising in mathematical biology (Rotenberg model), where \(B\) is the advection operator and \(K\) is a scattering operator. To show that the abstract theorem above applies to kinetic equations, they show that \(\left [ (\lambda -B)^{-1}K\right ] ^{2}\) is compact and refer to another paper [\textit{A. Ben Amar} et al., Acta Appl. Math. 110, No. 1, 431--448 (2010; Zbl 1231.47036)] for the proof of (1).