Diffraction of a high-frequency grazing wave by a grating with a complicated period (Q744507)

The Helmholtz equation is considered on a Riemannian surface constructed from the main sheet \(\mathbb{R}^{2}\setminus\bigcup_{n\in\mathbb{Z}}\left(\left\{ x_{n}\right\} \times]0,-\infty[\right)\) with auxiliary sheets \(\mathbb{R}^{2}\setminus\left(\left\{ x_{n}\right\} \times]0,-\infty[\right)\) glued to the cut \(\left\{ x_{n}\right\} \times]0,-\infty[\) in the criss-cross fashion of a square root Riemannian surface for each \(n\in\mathbb{Z}\) . Here, \(x_{n}:eqq\left(a+b\right)\left\lfloor \frac{n}{2}\right\rfloor +a\left(n-2\left\lfloor \frac{n}{2}\right\rfloor \right)\) for \(n\in\mathbb{Z}\). By this construction, the points \(\left(x_{n},0\right)\) become branch points of the Riemannian surface. Boundary conditions on the right side of the cuts, vertex conditions at the branch points and a radiation condition at infinity are imposed. The problem serves as a model for scattering at a diffraction grating. The solutions produced by Dirac-\(\delta\)-sources at the branch points are constructed (edge Green's functions). The scattering coefficients are expressed in terms of asymptotic coefficient functions, so-called directivities. These directivities satisfy an ordinary differential equation with unknown coefficients. A method is proposed for their determination.