On a particular 2-periodic lacunary trigonometric interpolation problem on equidistant nodes (Q748790)

The author studies the 2-periodic lacunary trigonometric interpolation problem. For a positive odd integer n and a p-tuple \((m_ 1,...,m_ p)\) of positive integers such that \(m_ 1<...<m_ p\), the 2-periodic lacunary trigonometric interpolation problem is called regular (for arbitrary data) if for any complex numbers \(\alpha_{j,\nu}\) \((j=0,...,n-1\); \(\nu =0,...,p)\), \(\beta_{j,\nu}\) \((j=0,...,n-1\); \(\nu =1,...,p)\) there uniquely exists a polynomial \[ t(x)=a_ 0+\sum^{M}_{k=1}(a_ k\cos kx+b_ k\sin kx)\quad (M=\frac{n(2p+1)- 1}{2}) \] such that \[ t^{(m_{\nu})}(2j\pi /n)=\alpha_{j,\nu}\quad (j=0,...,n-1;\quad \nu =0,...,p,\quad m_ 0=0), \] \[ t^{(m_{\nu})}((2j+1)\pi /n)=\beta_{j,\nu}\quad (j=0,...,n-1;\quad \nu =1,...,p). \] In the case where n is even, the regularity is defined with t(x) replaced by \[ \tilde t(x)=a_ 0+\sum^{M-1}_{k=1}(a_ k\cos kx+b_ k\sin kx)+a_ M\cos Mx\quad (M=n(2p+1)/2). \] The author characterizes the regularity as follows. The 2-periodic lacunary trigonometric interpolation problem is regular if and only if p is even and (the number of even integers in \(\{m_ j\})=p/2\).