Construction of families of curves from finite length graded modules (Q752122)

To a locally Cohen-Macaulay equidimensional curve C in \({\mathbb{P}}_ k^ 3\) (k an algebraically closed field) one can associate its Hartshorne-Rao module \(M(C)=\oplus_{n\in {\mathbb{Z}}}H^ 1({\mathbb{P}}^ 3,{\mathcal I}_ C(n)) \) (where \({\mathcal I}_ C\) is the ideal sheaf of C), which is a graded module of finite length over the polynomial ring \(S=k[X_ 0,X_ 1,X_ 2,X_ 3]\). This paper is a continuation of the authors' program to understand the connection between the Hilbert scheme \(Hilb_{d,g}{\mathbb{P}}^ 3\) of C and the so-called variety of module structures of the module M(C). The main theorem of the present paper is the following: Let \({\mathcal G}=\{G_ i,\phi_ i\}\) be a finite connected oriented commutative graph without loops. The vertices of \({\mathcal G}\) correspond to finite length graded S-modules and the arrows to surjective morphisms of graded S- modules. Then for infinitely many (d,g) there exists an irreducible component U of a suitable Hilbert scheme \(Hilb_{d,g}{\mathbb{P}}^ 3\) such that the general element of U is arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay, and to each \(G_ i\) there is an irreducible flat family \(V_ i\) of curves having Hartshorne-Rao module isomorphic to \(G_ i\) (suitably shifted). An arrow \(\phi_ i: G_ i\to G_ j\) in \({\mathcal G}\) implies that \(V_ i\) is contained in the closure of \(V_ j\). Finally, all curves of all families have the same speciality. The main tool used is the so-called Rao construction, and the authors also apply it to produce curves with specified cohomology, over any infinite field (not necessarily algebraically closed). See also the authors' paper in Arch. Math. 54, No.4, 397-408 (1990; Zbl 0715.14019).