Quantizations and integrable systems (Q752568)

The author considers the quantization by deformation program in the context of integrable hamiltonian systems. For f, g in a differential \({\mathbb{Q}}\)-algebra C with derivation \(\partial\) set \(f*g=fg+\sum^{\infty}_{r=1}\epsilon^ rQ_ r(f,g),\) where \(\epsilon\) is a formal parameter and the \(Q_ r\) are bilinear differential operators making * associative. Let \({\mathcal O}_ C=\{\sum_{\ell <\infty}a_{\ell}p^{\ell}:\) \(a_{\ell}\in C\}\) and assume that * may be extended to \({\mathcal O}_ C\). Firstly, suitable hypotheses, which are satisfied in e.g. the Moyal case, are used to obtain the existence and uniqueness of roots of elements of \({\mathcal O}_ C\). Now put \(K=C^{\infty}({\mathbb{R}})\), write \(\rho =-\infty\) or \(\rho =0\), let s and n be nonnegative integers, and assume that C is the differential algebra \(K[u_ i^{(s)}]\), where \(\rho \leq i\leq n\) and \(\partial\) acts on K as \(\partial /\partial x\) and on the monomial generators of C by the standard rule \(\partial (u_ i^{(s)})=u_ i^{(s+1)}\). Let \(L=\sum^{n}_{i=\rho}u_ ip^ i\in {\mathcal O}_ C\) with \(u_ n=1\) and \(u_{n-1}=0\), and let P belong to the centralizer Z(L) of L in \({\mathcal O}_ C\). Set \((\sum_{\ell}a_{\ell}p^{\ell})_+=\sum_{\ell \geq 0}a_{\ell}p^{\ell}\) and \((\sum_{\ell}a_{\ell}p^{\ell})_ - =\sum_{\ell <0}a_{\ell}p^{\ell}\). Because of the existence and uniqueness of n-th roots, the Lax equations \(L_ t=[P_+,L]=[L,P_ -]\) are well-defined, the Lax flows commute among themselves as P runs over Z(L), and all those flows have a common infinite set of conserved densities \(\{H_ p=Res(P):\) \(P\in Z(L)\}\), where Res(\(\sum_{\ell}a_{\ell}p^{\ell})=a_{-1}.\) For the case of the Moyal product the analogs of the KdV equation, the Bussinesq system, the first nontrivial flow in the KP hierarchy and the KP equation are then computed. In the final section it is shown that all the systems with Lax equations as above are hamiltonian. Some other recent papers on the quantization by deformation program are \textit{A. Lichnerowicz}, Applications of the deformations of the algebraic structures to geometry and mathematical physics, in NATO ASI Ser., Ser. C 247, 855-896 (1988; Zbl 0674.58021); \textit{C. Moreno}, Produits star sur certains G/K kähleriens. Équation de Yang-Baxter et produits star sur G, in Lect. Notes Math. 1416, 210-234 (1990; Zbl 0704.53049); \textit{H. Figueroa}, \textit{J. M. Gracia-Bondía} and \textit{J. C. Várilly}, Moyal quantization with compact symmetry groups and noncommutative harmonic analysis, J. Math. Phys. 31, No.11, 2664-2671 (1990); and \textit{C. Alcalde}, Star quantization on the cylinder, ibid., 2672-2682 (1990).