The symmetry of warped product space-times (Q756711)

An n-dimensional \((n\geq 3)\) semi-Riemannian manifold M is said to be pseudo-symmetric if it satisfies a curvature condition of the form \(R\cdot R=L\cdot (g,R)\) for some function L on M. Here g is the semi- Riemannian metric on M, R is the Riemann-Christoffel curvature tensor, and \(Q(g,R)\) is the tensor field defined by \[ Q(g,R)= g_{rv}R_{wstu}+ g_{sv}R_{rwtu}+ g_{tv}R_{rswu}+ g_{uv}R_{rstw}- g_{rw}R_{vstu}- g_{sw}R_{rvtu}- g_{tw}R_{rsvu}- g_{uw}R_{rstv}. \] The notion of pseudo-symmetry arose in an earlier study by \textit{A. Adamów} and \textit{R. Deszcz} [Demonstr. Math. 16, 39-59 (1983; Zbl 0534.53019)], as well as the work of other researchers. This condition is a generalization of the notion of semi-symmetry, which is in turn a generalization of local symmetry. In this paper, it is shown that the Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordström, and Kottler spacetimes are pseudo-symmetric but not semi-symmetric. Several other interesting examples of spacetimes which are pseudo-symmetric are presented using the warped product construction. In fact, many of these examples are standard static spacetimes. In addition, the following theorem is proved. Let \((M,g)\) be a 4-dimensional semi-Riemannian manifold which is a warped product \(M_ 1\times_ FM_ 2\) and also an Einstein manifold. (i) If dim \(M_ 1\leq 2\), \((M,g)\) is pseudo-symmetric. (ii) If dim \(M_ 1=3\) and \(M_ 1\) is pseudo-symmetric then \((M,g)\) is also pseudo-symmetric.