Symmetric properties of eigenfunctions of the Laplace operator on compact Riemannian manifolds (Q756717)

Let \(M^ m\) be a compact Riemannian manifold without boundary. Let \({\mathcal F}_ k\) be the eigenspace of the Laplacian corresponding to the kth eigenvalue \(\lambda_ k\) where \(0=\lambda_ 0<\lambda_ 1<..\). If \(0\neq u\in {\mathcal F}_ k\), then \(\int_{M}u=0\) so u has both positive and negative values. Let \[ \alpha_ k=\inf \{-\inf_ Mu/\sup_ Mu: u\in {\mathcal F}_ k\}; \] 0\(<\alpha_ k\leq 1\) and if \(\alpha_ k=1\), then the eigenfunctions are amplitude symmetric. For example, \(\alpha_ 1(RP^ m)=\alpha_ 2(S^ m)=m^{-1}.\) If M has nonnegative Ricci curvature, the author gives a lower bound for \(\alpha_ k(M)\). He shows \(\alpha_ k(M)\geq (1-\beta (k,m))/(1+\beta (k,m))\) where \(\beta\) (k,m) is defined by: \[ \int^{1}_{-1}\{(1+\beta (k,m)t)(1-t^ 2)\}^{-1/2} dt=km(2(m+4))^{1/2}. \] The author also gives an upper bound for \(\alpha_ k(M)\).