Closeness of solutions of Cauchy's problem for second-order parabolic equations (Q762365)

On the half-space \(R_+^{n+1}=\{(x,t):\) \(x\in R^ n\), \(t>0\}\) define the real operators \(A_ k(t)=\partial_{x_ i}(a_ {ij}^ k(x,t)\partial_{x_ j}),\quad k=1,2\) with measurable coefficients satisfying a uniform parabolicity condition. Let \(u_{0k}(x)\) be bounded measurable functions on \(R^ n\) and \(u_ k(x,t)\) be a bounded solution of the Cauchy problem \[ (CP)\quad \partial_ tu_ k=A_ k(t)u_ k,\quad u_ k|_{t=0}=u_{0k}(x). \] The class of generalized solutions (in the sense of an integral identity) that are continuous in t for \(t\geq 0\) in the \(L^ 2_{loc}(R^ n)\) metric are considered. Such solutions are (uniformly) close for \(t\to \infty\) if the \(\lim_{t\to \infty}(u_ 1(x,t)-u_ 2(x,t))=0\) holds (uniformly) for \(x\in R^ n.\) A sufficient condition for closeness is found in Theorem A: Let the function \(u_ 0(x)=u_{01}(x)-u_{02}(x)\) have zero mean, and let the \(a_{ij}=a_{ij}^ 1-a_{ij}^ 2\) satisfy the Gushchin-Mikhajlov condition: \[ (GM)\quad \lim_{\omega \to \infty}\int_{Q}[a_{ij}(\omega x,\omega^ 2t)]^ 2 dx dt=0 \] for any bounded Q, \(Q\subset R^{n+1}\). Then the solution \(u_ k(x,t)\) of the (CP) are close for \(t\to \infty\). - Moreover, the solution of the (CP) can be pointwise stabilized to the constant \(\lambda\) provided that the mean value of the initial function \(u_ 0(x)\) is. Necessary and sufficient conditions are formulated from pointwise stabilization criterion for one of the (CP) in Theorem B: For the (CP) with \(k=1\), let the (GM) be satisfied and suppose that a criterion for pointwise stabilization with functional \(\lambda (u_ 0)\) is known. Then solutions \(u_ k\) are close if and only if \(\lambda (u_ 0)=0\). A discussion concerning necessary and sufficient conditions for uniform closeness of solutions is also developed.