Versal families of matrices with respect to unitary conjugation (Q762580)

The object of the paper is first to classify the conjugacy class, \({}^ t\bar PAP\) of \(A\in M(n)\), the space of square complex matrices and \(P\in U(n)\), the unitary group and to find an algorithm to obtain, (i) \(\Delta\) A an upper triangular matrix belonging to its conjugacy class, and (ii) the stabilizer of \(\Delta\) A, i.e., \(\{P\in U(n)|^ t\bar P\Delta AP=\Delta A\}\). Next, the authors consider the (local) normal form problem for families of matrices (smoothly) depending on parameters. The problem is solved by constructing a versal deformation with a minimum number of parameters for each \(\Delta\) A. Finally an algorithm for these deformations is obtained. Both the algorithms depend on elementary moves and proofs are based on the rank of matrices, its Jordan type and its polar decomposition.