On the Phragmén-Lindelöf theorem and some applications (Q772131)

The author studies the \(L\) series in a strip \(\Sigma: -\eta \le \sigma = \Re s \le 1+\eta,\, 0<\eta \le \tfrac12\). If \(\sigma=1+\eta\) we have \(| L(s, \chi)| \le \zeta(1+\eta)\) and using the functional equation of the \(L\) series we find in the case \(\sigma=-\eta\) \[ |L(s, \chi)| \le \left(\frac{\pi}{k}\right)^{-\eta-\frac{1}{2}} \varphi(s) \zeta(1+\eta), \] here \(\varphi\) denotes the absolute value of a quotient of \(\Gamma\) functions. Using a theorem of the Phragmén-Lindelöf type the author obtains an estimation for the \(L\) series in the strip \(\Sigma\). The same theorem is used to obtain an estimation for the function \(\varphi\). The main theorem becomes \((\chi\) primitive mod \(k\) ) \[ |L(s, \chi)| \le \left(\frac{k|1+s|}{2 \pi}\right)^{\frac{1}{2}(1+\eta-\sigma)} \zeta(1+\eta). \] We can use this theorem in order to find an inequality for the Dedekind \(\zeta_k\) function of an algebraic number field \(k\) in the strip \(\Sigma\). Using the fact that in the case of a normal extension of the rationals the Riemann \(\zeta\) divides \(\zeta_k\), a sharper version of this inequality is deduced. From the same theorem an analogous inequality concerning Hecke's \(\zeta(s, \lambda)\) series is given in the last paragraph of this paper.