Representations of Green's function of the bounded solutions problem for a differential-algebraic equation (Q778746)

The article at hand deals with differential-algebraic equations in Banach spaces. More precisely, for two bounded linear operators \(F,G\in L(X,Y)\) and a bounded function \(f\colon \mathbb{R}\to Y\), find a bounded function \(u\colon \mathbb{R}\to X\) such that \[ (Fu)'-Gu = f. \] The main assumptions of the authors are that \begin{itemize} \item[(A)] \(R_\lambda := (\lambda F-G)^{-1}\) is a bounded linear operator for all \(\lambda\) on the imaginary axis, and \item[(B)] \(R_\lambda\) exists on a punctured neighbourhood of infinity; the pole at infinity is of finite order. \end{itemize} Given these assumptions using techniques from the theory of Banach algebras, the authors construct a Green's function \(\mathcal{G}\) such that \[ u(t) = \int_\mathbb{R} G(t-s) f(s)\, ds\quad (s\in \mathbb{R}). \] The main observation for the Banach algebra is the validity of the following variant of the Hilbert identity (``\(F\)-Hilbert identity''): \[ R_\lambda - R_\mu = - (\lambda-\mu)R_\lambda F R_\mu\quad (\lambda, \mu \in \{\zeta; (\zeta F-G)^{-1}\in L(Y,X)\}=:\rho(F,G)) \]The Banach space \(L_{(F,G)}(Y,X)\) is then obtained by the norm closure in \(L(Y,X)\) of \[ \operatorname{lin} \{ R_\lambda; \lambda \in \rho(F,G)\}. \]Note that, due to the \(F\)-Hilbert identity, \(L_{(F,G)}(Y,X)\) becomes a commutative Banach algebra under the multiplication \[ A\odot B := AFB, \] which is unital if \(F\) is invertible. The Green's function is then computed by means of contour integrals left and right of the imaginary axis, which is free of spectral values.