Coefficients of (inverse) unitary cyclotomic polynomials (Q783758)

Let \(\Phi_n(x)\) denote the \(n\)th cyclotomic polynomial. In [Integers 20, Paper A65, 21 pp. (2020; Zbl 1467.11034)], \textit{P. Moree} and \textit{L. Tóth} define the unitary cyclotomic polynomial \(\Phi^*_n(x)\). Let \(\kappa(n)\) denote the product of the primes dividing \(n\). Then \(\Phi^*_n(x)\) is equal to the product of all \(\Phi_d(x)\) where \(d\) runs through divisors of \(n\) for which \(\kappa(d) = \kappa(n)\). There is an extensive literature about coefficients of cyclotomic polynomials. In this paper, the authors prove some analogous results for coefficients of unitary cyclotomic polynomials. For example, they prove that given a fixed \(m\ge 1\), every integer occurs as a coefficient of \(\Phi^*_{nm}(x)\) for some \(n\). The authors study the set of coefficients of \(\Phi^*_{pqr}(x)\) where \(p,q,r\) are pairwise coprime prime powers, and prove a result about the height of this polynomial, the largest absolute value of one of its coefficients. The authors discuss connections to inclusion-exclusion polynomials and to numerical semigroups with two generators. The \(n\)th inverse cyclotomic polynomial is defined by \(\Psi_n(x) = (x^n-1)/\Phi_n(x)\). The authors also study the coefficients of a unitary version of this polynomial, \(\Psi^*_n(x) = (x^n-1)/\Phi^*_n(x)\). (18 Refs.)