On integers \(n\) for which \(\sigma (2n + 1) \geq \sigma (2n)\) (Q784272)

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On integers \(n\) for which \(\sigma (2n + 1) \geq \sigma (2n)\)
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    On integers \(n\) for which \(\sigma (2n + 1) \geq \sigma (2n)\) (English)
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    3 August 2020
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    Let \(\sigma(n)\) denote the sum of divisors function. Let \(B\) be the set of natural numbers \(n\) such that \(\sigma(2n + 1)\ge\sigma(2n)\), and let \(B(x)\) be the number of \(n\) in B with \(n\le x\). Then \(\lim_{x\to\infty} B(x)/x\) exists, and it is called the natural density of \(B\), denoted as \(\mathbf{d}\,B\). The authors prove that \(\mathbf{d}\,B\) exists and \(0.0539171\leq\mathbf{d}\,B\leq 0.0549445\). This refines \textit{L. E. Mattics}' result [``Problems and solutions: solutions of advanced problems: 6555'', Am. Math. Mon. 97, No. 4, 351--353 (1990)]. In the context of the same problem, A. Hildebrand (1990) remarks that \(\lim_{x\to\infty} B(x)/x\) exists (as is noted by the authors).
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    inequality
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    sum of divisors function
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    natural densities
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    smooth numbers
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