Limiting profile of solutions for Schrödinger equations with shrinking self-focusing core (Q786075)

Under consideration is the equation \[ -\Delta u + u = Q_{\varepsilon_{n}}(x)|u|^{p-2} u, \ \ x \in {\mathbb R}^{N}, \tag{1} \] where either \(Q_{\varepsilon_{n}}(x)=1\) for \(|x|<\varepsilon_{n}\) and \(Q_{\varepsilon_{n}}(x)=-1\) for \(|x|\geq \varepsilon_{n}\) or \(Q_{\varepsilon_{n}}(x)=s_{1}\) for \( |x-x_{1}|< r_{1}\varepsilon_{n} \), \(Q_{\varepsilon_{n}}(x)=s_{2}\) for \(|x-x_{2}| < r_{2}\varepsilon_{n}\), and \(Q_{\varepsilon_{n}}(x)=-1\) otherwise, and \(\varepsilon_{n}\to 0\) as \(n\to \infty\). In the former case it is demonstrated that problem (1) admits a ground state solution \(u_{n}\) for \(p\in (2,2N/(N-2)\) and there exists a subsequence of the sequence \(w_{n}=\varepsilon_{n}^{2/(p-2)}u_{n}(\varepsilon_{n} x)\) converging to a least energy solution to the equation \[ -\Delta w = Q_{1}(x)|w|^{p-2} w, \ \ x \in {\mathbb R}^{N}. \tag{2} \] Similar results are established in the latter case for the sequences \(w_{n}=\varepsilon_{n}^{2/(p-2)}u_{n}(\varepsilon_{n} x+x_{2})\) and \(w_{n}=\varepsilon_{n}^{2/(p-2)}u_{n}(\varepsilon_{n} x+x_{1})\) with \(u_{n}\) a solution to (1) and the corresponding limits are the least energy solutions to the equations (2) with \(K_{2}(x)=s_{2}\) for \(|x|<1\) and \(K_{2}(x)=-1\) for \(|x|\geq 1\) and \(K_{1}(x)=s_{1}\) for \(|x|<1\) and \(K_{1}(x)=-1\) for \(|x|\geq 1\), respectively, rather than \(Q_{1}\).