On the existence of transversal homoclinic points of some real analytic plane transformation (Q789076)

Let f be a plane transformation \(f(x,y)=(y+\xi(x),x),\) where \(\xi(x)\) is a real analytic function satisfying the following conditions: (1) \(\xi(x)=\xi(1-x)\); (2) \(\xi(0)=0\); (3) \(\xi'(x)>0\) for \(x\in(- \infty,\frac{1}{2})\); and (4) \(\xi''(x)<0\) for \(x\in(-\infty,\frac{1}{2})\). For example, \(\xi(x)=cx(1-x) (c>0)\) is a particular case. Assume that (0,0) and (1,1) are hyperbolic fixed points for the above-mentioned transformation \(f\). The author derives sufficient conditions for existence of transversal heteroclinic points on the line \(x+y=1\) between the unstable (resp. stable) manifold through (0,0) and the stable (resp. unstable) manifold through (1,1). The method is based on a careful study of some functional equations. In the particular case \(\xi(x)=cx(1-x) (c>0)\), it is proved that f has a transversal homoclinic point if \(c>2\sqrt{2}\). Finally, the author also considers the following parameterized plane transformation \(f(u;x,y)=(y+u\xi(x),x),\) and proposes a conjecture as follows: \(f\) has a transversal heteroclinic point except for isolated values of \(u\).