A not well posed problem for the wave equation (Q789605)

The solution of the equation \[ u_{tt}-u_{xx}=0, \quad t\in(0,2\pi), \ x\in(0,\pi), \] satisfying the conditions \(u(t,0) = u(t,\pi) = 0\), \(u(t,\alpha \pi) = f(t)\), \(t\in [0,2\pi]\), is unique for \(\alpha\) irrational and is not unique for \(\alpha\) rational, moreover this problem is not well-posed. The authors show that the stability of this problem can be restored by an additional condition, for example \[ \int^{\pi}_{0}\int^{2\pi}_{0}u^2_x(t,x) \,dt \,dx \leq E^2 \] and by the approximate condition \[ \int^{2\pi}_{0}(u(t,\alpha \pi)- f(t)) \,dt \leq \varepsilon^2.\] Similar problems for equations \(u_{tt}=(p(x)u_x)_x-q(x)u\) and \(u_{tt}-\Delta u=0\) are also dealt with.