Über die ''numeri idonei'' von Euler (Q790872)

Classical idoneal numbers are positive integers \(-D\) (with \(D<0)\) such that any quadratic form \(f=ax^ 2+cy^ 2\) with \(-ac=D\) has the property that a positive integer \(N\) represented primitively by \(f\) is a prime iff the representation is unique (up to signs of \(x\) and \(y\)). L. Euler found 65 idoneal numbers \(1,2,\dots,1848\) and none further has been found yet. The author extends the concept of idoneal number to cover the discriminants \(D=b^ 2-4ac\) of general integral quadratic forms \(f=ax^ 2+bxy+cy^ 2\). Using the relationship between classes of quadratic forms and ideal classes of quadratic fields he finds 27 new idoneal numbers less than 2,000 all with \(D\equiv 5\pmod 8\). There are 9 such numbers less than 100 beginning with 11 and 19 and the largest found idoneal number is 1995.