Remarks on existentially closed fields and diophantine equations (Q797634)

Generalizing the results of \textit{N. Greenleaf} [Am. Math. Mon. 76, 808--809 (1969; Zbl 0191.049)] and \textit{M. B. Nathanson} [ibid. 81, 371--373 (1974; Zbl 0282.10008)] the author proves that if the equation \(g^ n=P(f),\) where \(P\) is a separable polynomial of degree \(m\) over a field \(K\) with characteristic not dividing \(n\), and \(n\) and \(m\) are greater than 2, has a solution \(f, g\) in a purely transcendental extension \(K(t)\) of \(K\), then \(f\) and \(g\) necessarily belong to \(K\). He also proves that a non-Henselian valued field \(K\) with algebraically closed residue field is not existentially closed in any Henselian valued extension field \(L\), and that \(L/K\) is not a purely transcendental extension.