Automorphisms of polynomial and power series rings (Q797636)

Let k be a commutative ring, \(X=(X_ 1,...,X_ n)\) a set of indeterminates, and let \(k[X]=k[X_ 1,...,X_ n]\) and \(k[[X]] = k[[X_ 1,...,X_ n]].\) Let \(\phi \in End_ k(k[X])\) (resp. \(\phi \in End_ k(k[[X]]))\) be defined by \(\phi(X_ i)=f_ i\) where \(f_ i(0)=0\). The purpose of this paper is to give explicit formulas for \(\phi^{-1}\), if it exists, in terms of the Jacobian matrix \(Jac(\phi)\) of \(\phi\), thus giving a possible approach to the Jacobian conjecture. The main result is the following: Let k be a field of characteristic zero, and let \(\phi\) be an endomorphism of k[X] with Ja\(c(\phi)\) invertible. For \(i=1,2,...,n\) let \(d_ i\) be the derivation defined as the dot product of \((\partial /\partial X_ 1,...,\partial /\partial X_ n)\) with the i-th row of \(Jac(\phi)^{-1}\). Then the following are equivalent: (i) \(\phi\) is invertible; (ii) For each \(g\in k[X]\) there is an integer \(m\geq 0\) such that \(d^ m_ i(g)=0\) for \(i=1,2,...,n\); (iii) For each \(g\in k[X]\) there are finitely generated submodules \(M_ 1,M_ 2,...,M_ n\) of k[X] such that \(g_ i\in M_ i\) and \(d_ iM_ i\subseteq M_ i\) for \(i=1,2,...,n\).