Cyclic quartic fields and genus theory of their subfields (Q798361)

Let \(k={\mathbb{Q}}(\sqrt{u})\) be a quadratic number field (\(u\in {\mathbb{Z}}\) squarefree), K any possible cyclic quartic field containing k. A close relation is established between K and the genus group of k. In particular: (1) Each K can be written uniquely as \(K={\mathbb{Q}}(\sqrt{vw\eta})\), where \(\eta\) is fixed in k and satisfies \(\eta\gg 1\), \((\eta)={\mathfrak a}^ 2\sqrt{u},\quad [{\mathfrak a}^ 2]=[(\sqrt{u})], (v,u)=1\), \(v\in {\mathbb{Z}}\) is squarefree, \(w| u\), \(O<w<\sqrt{u}\). Thus if \(u\neq a^ 2+b^ 2,\) there is no \(K\supset k\). If \(u=a^ 2+b^ 2\) then for each fixed v there are just \(2^{g-1}\) fields \(K\supset k\), where g is the number of prime divisors of u. (2) K/k has a relative integral basis (RIB) (i.e., \({\mathcal O}_ K\) is free over \({\mathcal O}_ k)\) iff \(N(\epsilon_ 0)=-1\) and \(w=1\), where \(\epsilon_ 0\) is the fundamental unit of k, (or, equivalently, iff \(K={\mathbb{Q}}(\sqrt{v\epsilon_ 0\sqrt{u}}), (v,u)=1)\). (3) A RIB is constructed explicitly whenever it exists. (4) disc(K) is given. In particular, the following results are special cases of (2): (i) Narkiewicz showed in 1974 that K/k has a RIB if u is a prime; (ii) \textit{H. Edgar} and \textit{B. Peterson} [J. Number Theory 12, 77-83 (1980; Zbl 0428.12002) showed that for u composite there is at least one \(K\supset k\) having no RIB. Besides, it follows from (4) that the classification and integral basis of K given by \textit{A. A. Albert} [Ann. Math., II. Ser. 31, 381-418 (1930)] are wrong [cf. J. China Univ. Sci. Technol. 14, No.2, 171-177 (1984)].