Linear Differential equations of infinite order and theta functions (Q798520)

The main result of this paper is a finiteness theorem for a class of systems of linear differential equations of infinite order. (Theorem 2.14.) To be more precise, the finite dimensionality of the space of holomorphic solutions of such a system is proved. The most characteristic feature of the result is that it is of local character, while the class of systems in question includes a system of equations that the theta- zerovalue \(\sum_{\nu\in {\mathbb{Z}}}\exp (\pi i\nu^ 2\tau)\) solves. Hence the result of this paper provides us with a new way of characterizing theta-zerovalue by its local properties. This makes a clear contrast to the hitherto known way of characterizing it by its automorphic properties. The result in this article means that the automorphic properties follow from the purely local information to the effect that the function in question satisfies a system of linear differential equations. Note that the operators used in this article act upon the sheaf of holomorphic functions as sheaf homomorphisms, although they are of infinite order. The proof of the main result consists in the following two steps: (i) Establishing the correspondence between theta functions and theta- zerovalue (or, Jacobi functions) through some Cauchy problem. (Theorem 2.10.) Here a theta function is, by definition, a solution of a particular system of linear differential equations of finite order which satisfies some global conditions (called quasi-periodicity) (Definition 2.6), and a Jacobi function is a solution of the system of linear differential equations of infinite order in question (Definition 2.4). (ii) Proving the finite-dimensionality of the space of theta functions by making full use of the quasi-periodicity. The essential part of this paper was announced by the first named author in Astérisque 2/3, 286- 291 (1973; Zbl 0288.35045), with more emphasis on the microlocal aspect of the problem. Microlocalization of the results in this paper will be found in a forthcoming paper of the authors (RIMS Kokyuroku, 450).